| 1 | Silvo-pisciculture-prospect and problems in Sundarban, West Bengal, India: Some studies Maintenance of ecological balance of Sunderbans, West Bengal, India in relation to the ways and means for improving the economic condition of the rural landless people was studied. An experimental plot of 10 hectares was elected. A part of this was tried for Silvo-pisciculture and the balance area was utilized to raise mangrove plantations. From soil analysis, growth statistics and survival percentage it revealed that a good number of Silvo-pisciculture plots can be created along foreshore areas for polyculture of brackish water fishes. Minor alternation in the Silvo-culture plot like de-siltation, providing screens to inlet and outlet to avoid escape of fish and entry of unwanted fish made the programme suitable for wild polyculture of brackish water fishes. The survival percentage of mangrove species was highly satisfactory (95%) Source: Choudhuri, P.K.R. The Mangroves: Proceedings of National Symposium on Biology, Utilization and Conservation of Mangroves, Nov. 18-20, 1985. Bhosale, L.J. ed. 1986; 330-334. 0323. | ||
| 2 | Present needs to the silvicultural practices in the tidal mangrove forests of the Sundarbans in West Bengal, India Due to heavy influx of human population, the northwestern portion of the Sundarbans delta is completely reclaimed for agriculture, aquaculture and inhabitation; even now human population is encroaching south-wards to engulf the present reserve forests, where natural regeneration is not too rapid to combat that acute problem. In spite of the sign of natural regeneration in some limited areas, the present day silviculturists have started thinking of maintaining and conserving the existing forest situations by planning some non-mangroves along this tract of the mangrove delta of the Sundarbans. In that area only a few economically important non mangrove species can successfully be introduced, as the mangrove ecosystem has certain ecological successional stages and represent the edaphic climax. In fact plenty of non-mangrove species in this mangrove reclaimed area will not fulfil the needs of the existing ecoclimatic factors of the mangrove ecosystem. Several of the non mangrove species can survive in those areas where no frequent tidal action has existed so far, but the introduced or artificial vegetation cannot give rise to any new vegetation by natural regeneration. Moreover by the artificial changes of ecological condition, the other beneficial activities from these natural resources may disappear, which is not congenial for that unique ecosystem. The mangrove ecological succession follow some definite and distinct course, i.e., from the seaward fringe forests to land forms, and on the other hand from the saline brackishwater environment to non-saline freshwater and mesophytic environments. These ecological features of the mangrove ecosystems are discussed here along with the botanical features of the mangrove flora of the Sundarbans tidal delta forests. Their importance in that mangrove ecosystem and the most effective silvicultural features are discussed in brief Source: Bakshi, D.N.G.; Naskar, K.R. Vol. 4. Recent Researches in Ecology, Environment and Pollution. Ray, M. ; Mandal, S. Eds. [nd]; 105-118. 1096. | ||
| 3 | Mangroves in Gujarat: Current status and strategy for conservation Gujarat Ecological Education and Research (GEER) Foundation, Gujarat, India has prepared this comprehensive report on "Mangroves in Gujarat". This report covers detailed information about area under mangroves, its distribution, international zones, coastal wetlands and other categories as estimated by remote sensing study, species diversity, which can be used to provide insights into the possible response of mangroves to the charges in the marine environment. Report would be helped to ecologists, foresters and to all whosoever is interested in mangrove ecosystems. The information provided in the report will be of immense use for the management of the Marine National Park, Jamnagar, Gujarat and the coastal areas of Gujarat. It would be helped for the long-term conservation of our invaluable heritage viz. mangrove species and marine ecosystems. Source: Singh, H.S. 2000; 128; pp. 1114.
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