| 1 | Ecology of mangrove swamps of the Mandovi estuary, Goa, India The mangroves in the Mandovi Estuary of Goa, India have distinct zones, which differ in environment, species composition and growth. A mangrove swamp at Orda and fringing mangroves at Ribandar has been studied during monsoon season from June to October 1972. Orda mangrove swamp is about 3 km from the estuary and is connected to it by an outlet. The substratum of the swamp is loose, with a black peat and humus. Tidal amplitude is 1.5 m and wave action is weak. Among phytoplankton, 19 different species were found and the average cell count was high. The density of mangrove species was 19 plants/10 m2. Ribandar mangrove has hard substratum, with lateritic sand mixed with silt. Tidal range is about 2 m, and wave action is mild. The density of mangrove flora is 7 plants/10 m2. The intertidal and benthic macrofauna are found in 5 different zones. There are 10 species of phytoplankton with lesser mean count. Thus the Orda swamp has higher productivity with a large number of associated plants and animals in contrast to the fringing mangroves where productivity is lower and the dominant species is Rhizophora only Source: Dwivedi, S.N.; Parulekar, A.H.; Goswami, S.C.; Untawale, A.G. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Biology and Management of Mangroves. Vol. 1. Walsh, G.E. ; Snedaker, S.C.; Teas, H.J. eds. 1975; 115-125. 0071. | ||
| 2 | Zooplankton of the mangrove ecosystem This paper describes the zooplankton community in Goa, India with particular reference to those found within and around the mangrove areas. Zooplankton abundance depends on the food availability. The estuarine zooplankton species are adapted to tolerate salinity and high sediment and detritus content. The first peak of zooplankton abundance occurs during September/October and the second peak in April/May. The true mangrove zooplankton shows eco-physiological adaptions. Zooplankton of the mangrove swamps served as an ideal nursery of commercial species Source: Goswami, S.C. 2nd Introductory Training Course on Mangrove Ecosystems, Goa, India, November 1 - 25, 1984: Report of the Training Course. UNDP/UNESCO Reg. Proj. RAS/79/002. 1984; 77-79. 0215.
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